How to troubleshoot when the server is down?

How to troubleshoot when the server is down? The main step is we should continuously monitor our servers to catch the potential problems as early as possible. This can be done by performing routine maintenance such as disk defragging, performing hot fixes on operating systems and service packs, reviewing event logs for error messages. Server problems are usually could be because of hardware problems or because of operating system configuration problems or Application/service related problems. If there is Loss of connectivity: 1.Check all cable connections. 2.Check TCP/IP stack by pinging loopback address. 3.Check network connectivity by pinging another computer on the network. 4.Check internetwork connectivity by pinging a computer on another subnet. 5.Check IP address and default gateway settings. 6.Check DNS and WINS settings for name resolution problems. 7.Check proxy settings. 8.Check security policies and authentication settings. First determine what sorts of problems are: If the...